EVERY DEADLINE

From

The date the citation was issued

Whose

The person the citation was issued to

Inside the seven days the person may sign the guilty plea and waiver on the citation and pay at the clerk's office or by mail, in place of appearing at the time and place it states. Doing neither is what the citation warns may lead to arrest, and on a traffic citation to an Ohio license holder, a declared forfeiture of the license.

From

The date the registrar's written notice is sent

Whose

The registrar

The notice goes by regular mail once twelve points have accumulated, and the suspension takes effect whether or not it was read.

From

The ticket

Whose

You

A written request. A hearing officer decides it, and an appeal from that goes to court.

From

Arrival at the hospital

Whose

The hospital

Where the chief clinical officer does not believe the person is subject to court order, the person is released immediately. Otherwise the separate period that follows the examination starts.

From

The day after the examination

Whose

The hospital

By the end of it the person has been admitted voluntarily, an affidavit has been filed with the probate court, or the person is discharged. It is counted in court days, so a weekend or a holiday makes it longer.

From

Detention or the affidavit, whichever came first

Whose

The court

Held in a setting not likely to be harmful. The court refers the affidavit for investigation within 2 business days of receiving it.

From

Seeking or obtaining the medical assistance

Whose

You

One of the conditions on the immunity, alongside the requirement that the evidence was obtained as a result of seeking or obtaining the assistance.

From

The start of the administrative suspension

Whose

The court

No judge may grant limited driving privileges during the first fifteen days of that suspension on a first arrest, and may after them. The court may waive the wait where the person took the test and has no conviction under 4511.194.

From

The initial appearance on the charge

Whose

The person whose license was suspended

The appeal may be made at the initial appearance or within that period after it, in the court where the charge is. Making the appeal does not by itself stay the suspension.

From

The initial appearance or arraignment

Whose

The person whose license was suspended

The petition can be filed any time after the notice of suspension is served, and no later than that period after the initial appearance or arraignment, in the court with the criminal case.

From

The start of the administrative suspension

Whose

The court

No judge may grant limited driving privileges during the first thirty days of a suspension for refusing the test on a first arrest, and may after them.

From

The oral notification being made, or the written report being received

Whose

The employer

The employer notifies the employee in writing of any effort to correct the alleged violation or hazard, or of the absence of it, within that time or by the close of business on the next regular business day, whichever is later. It is a duty on the employer rather than a period the employee acts inside.

From

Receiving the summons in a support or parenting time contempt action

Whose

The accused, where indigent

The summons has to say that an accused who is indigent must apply for a public defender or court appointed counsel within that period, and that the court may refuse a continuance at the hearing for obtaining counsel where no good faith effort was made.

From

The day of the election

Whose

The provisional voter

The board examines any additional information the voter provides during these 4 days when deciding whether the ballot is valid and entitled to be counted. A ballot cast on the day is not finished being decided on the day.

From

The hearing on the application for judgment

Whose

The party seeking the default

Owed only to a party who has appeared in the action. A party who has never appeared is not owed that notice under the rule.

From

The employer receiving the employee's written request

Whose

The employer

The pay statement is provided within that time. Where it is not, the employee may report the violation to the director of commerce, who may issue a written notice the employer then posts for the same number of days.

From

The date the notice is delivered

Whose

The facility, which sets the date inside that floor

A sale takes place at least 15 days after the first publication. For a motor vehicle, trailer or watercraft, 30 days have to elapse after notice to the lienholders.

From

The date of the notice of the expulsion

Whose

The board of education, in its policy

In the case of an expulsion, the policy does not specify a date less than that after the notice. It is a floor under the local policy rather than the deadline itself, so the district's own policy is where the date to act by is written.

From

The date the decision was issued

Whose

The household

It has to reach the bureau of state hearings, which is a shorter and quieter deadline than the one that got the hearing.

From

The mailing or service of the demand

Whose

The creditor

Where nothing answers it, the creditor goes to court.

From

The mailing date on the notice

Whose

The household

Where an adverse action was taken without prior notice and the hearing request reaches the state or the local agency inside that window, benefits are reinstated to the previous level while it runs.

From

The date the determination was sent

Whose

Either the claimant or the employer

The days run from when it was sent rather than from when anybody read it. A redetermination is appealable on the same terms, which is another 21 days running again from when it was sent. A final decision of the review commission carries 30 days to the court of common pleas.

From

The election, counted backwards

Whose

Anyone who wants to vote in that election

The qualification is to have been registered to vote for 30 days, so a registration that lands inside the window is a registration for the election after this one. Residence in the state is measured over the same 30 days.

From

The date the request is received

Whose

The superintendent of the bureau

The report goes to the board, entity or person who asked for it. A sealed record is not invisible to every check.

From

The finding by the state or by a court

Whose

The employer

What is paid is back wages, damages calculated as an additional 2 times the back wages, and the employee's costs and reasonable attorney's fees. The period runs from the finding rather than from any demand.

From

The date the assignment was notarized

Whose

The buyer

There is a late filing fee where the new title issues after that, which is what says the state expects it inside the window. Until a new title is issued the record still shows the seller.

From

The scheduled payday

Whose

The employer

The section makes the employer liable for liquidated damages on top of the wages themselves. Where there is no regularly scheduled payday the period is 60 days instead, running from the filing of a claim or from the act that made the wages payable.

From

The date of the sale

Whose

The dealer

A title in the retail purchaser's name is obtained by then. Where it is not, the purchaser has an unconditional right to demand that the dealer rescind the transaction and refund the full purchase price.

From

Discovery or notification of the breach

Whose

The person who owns or licenses the data

The disclosure is made in the most expedient time possible and not later than that, subject to legitimate law enforcement needs and to determining the scope of the breach. It is a duty on the business, not a period the reader acts inside.

From

Filing a charge with the Ohio Civil Rights Commission

Whose

The commission

A court claim needs either a right to sue notice issued by the commission or more than that period passing without one. Somebody who waits eighteen months and then files a lawsuit, comfortably inside the 2 years, has a claim that fails on the procedure.

From

The date the vehicle is titled in the purchaser's name

Whose

The buyer

Where the ground for rescission is the rebuilt salvage brand or the odometer, the purchaser notifies the dealer within that time and gives the dealer the opportunity to rescind. Without the notice there is no recovery under the section.

From

Receiving the completed petition and the information requested

Whose

The court

The court may extend the sixty days at the petitioner's request. The petition itself may be filed six months after a misdemeanor sentence or one year after a felony sentence ends, and the presumption of eligibility takes one year and three years.

From

The action or the inaction being appealed

Whose

The household

Inaction counts: a decision never made is as appealable as a decision made badly. The 90 days does not start at all unless the person was given notice of hearing rights about the specific thing being appealed.

From

Acquiring a restricted snake to keep, not to breed or sell

Whose

The person who acquired it

A restricted snake possession permit from the director of agriculture is due not later than that many days after acquiring one. Breeding, selling or trading takes a different permit.

From

Final discharge

Whose

You

The earliest an application to seal a minor misdemeanor may be made, and the same six months opens its expungement. None of it is automatic: an application is what starts it.

From

The date the disciplinary or retaliatory action was taken

Whose

The employee

A civil action for injunctive relief or for the remedies the section sets out, or both, is brought in a court of common pleas within that time. The remedies a court may order are reinstatement, back wages, full reinstatement of fringe benefits and seniority rights, or a combination of them.

From

The prisoner's release, counted back

Whose

The department of rehabilitation and correction

For a prisoner serving a sentence of more than one year, the department attempts to verify the prisoner's age and identity within nine months before release, and submits a completed application for an identification card for a prisoner who has no current state identification card or driver's license.

From

The judgment being entered

Whose

The moving party

A reasonable time in every case, and not more than a year where the ground is one of the first three the rule lists. A ground, a reasonable time and the timing all have to be present, and any two of the three is not enough.

From

Final discharge

Whose

You

The earliest an application to seal may be made, where none of the offenses is a felony offense of violence. None of it is automatic: an application is what starts it.

From

The date of the injury

Whose

The injured worker

Shortened in 2017 from 2 years to 1, so anything written before October of that year says 2 and a great deal written since repeats it. An occupational disease runs under its own section, counted from when the disability began or up to 6 months after diagnosis.

From

The date on the request, counted to the day it is submitted

Whose

The patient

The request is written and signed, and it carries a date that has to be no more than that far before submission. A request signed more than a year earlier is not a request that meets the section.

From

The practice complained of

Whose

The person claiming

The civil limitation period used to be longer. It is 2 years now, and it is the same 2 for the administrative route. The period pauses while the commission investigates.

From

The date of the alleged violation or threatened violation

Whose

Any person

On proof of a violation or threatened violation the court of common pleas shall issue an injunction.

From

The violation

Whose

The consumer

Or 1 year after the attorney general's proceedings about that violation end, whichever of the two is later.

From

The date the no bill was reported

Whose

You

A no bill has a clock of its own, and an application may be filed at any time after it. None of this is automatic: a case ending in a person's favor does not close the record by itself, and an application is what starts it.

From

The decedent's death

Whose

The personal representative of the decedent

The civil action for wrongful death is commenced within that time. It runs from the death, not from the injury and not from the discovery of who was at fault, and it is brought in the representative's name for the benefit of the spouse, children, parents and other next of kin.

From

The alleged unlawful discriminatory practice

Whose

The person alleging employment discrimination

The charge is filed within that time, and since the fifteenth of April 2021 it is filed before any civil action alleging the same practice rather than instead of one. It replaced a six month period.

From

The claim accruing

Whose

The person with the claim

An action against a political subdivision for injury, death, or loss to person or property is brought within two years after the cause of action accrues, or within any shorter period the Revised Code sets.

From

The injury or loss to the property occurring

Whose

The owner of the property

An action for injuring personal property is brought within two years after the cause of action accrues, which the section places at the injury or loss to the property, with exceptions it lists.

From

The cause of action accruing

Whose

The person with the claim

A civil action against the state in the court of claims is commenced no later than two years after the cause of action accrues, after first trying to have a claim for injury, death or loss settled by the office of risk management.

From

The date the gift card is issued

Whose

The seller of the card

A date printed on the card that falls sooner than this is a date the section prohibits selling the card with. The same 2 years applies separately to service charges and fees that reduce what the holder may redeem.

From

The date the funds were reported

Whose

The finder

An agreement to pay a fee or commission to locate, deliver, recover or assist in recovering unclaimed funds, entered into inside that period, is invalid. Made after it, an agreement is valid where it is written and signed and the fee is ten percent or less.

From

Final discharge

Whose

You

The earliest an application to seal may be made, and only for a record the section does not exclude by the number of other felonies on it.

From

The violation, or the date it ceased where it was a continuing one

Whose

The state, an employee, a person acting on an employee's behalf, or all similarly situated employees

A continuing violation is measured from when it stopped rather than from when it started, which is the difference between a claim that is in time and one that is not for somebody underpaid over several years.

From

Accrual

Whose

The person suing

A payment on the contract, or a signed written acknowledgment or promise to pay it, starts the period over from that payment, acknowledgment or promise.

From

Accrual

Whose

The person suing

A contract not in writing is 4 years. A note runs 6 years from its due date.

From

The report of abuse, neglect, or a threat of either

Whose

The public children services agency

The agency investigates each report within that window, in cooperation with the law enforcement agency and in accordance with the county's memorandum of understanding. It is a duty on the agency, not a period anybody else acts inside.

From

The intended entry

Whose

The landlord

The statute supplies that as the benchmark for reasonable notice, absent evidence to the contrary, and requires entry only at reasonable times.

From

The missed payment

Whose

The lessee under a lease purchase agreement

Allowed before the lessee is determined to be in default, where payments are made in weekly installments. It is not less than 2 days, so an agreement may give more and may not give less.

From

The time the seller complies with the notice requirements the section names

Whose

The buyer

A seller who never gave the notice has not started the clock, which is a different position from one where the 3 days have simply run out.

From

The notice posted in the pound or shelter

Whose

The owner of the dog

Unless the dog is redeemed within that time it may thereafter be sold or destroyed according to law. The notice is posted rather than sent, because the owner cannot be found from the current year's registration list.

From

The buyer or the buyer's agent receiving the disclosure form, where it came after the agreement was signed

Whose

The buyer

A written, signed and dated document of rescission is delivered to the seller or the seller's agent within that time, and the deposit comes back. The right ends at the closing or thirty days after acceptance, whichever is earlier, however late the form is.

From

The child being placed in detention or shelter care

Whose

The court

An informal detention or shelter care hearing is held promptly, and not later than that, to determine whether detention or shelter care is required. Before it, the intake or other authorized officer investigates immediately and releases the child unless the placement appears warranted or required.

From

The child being placed in detention or shelter care

Whose

The court

Where the child is not released, a complaint has to be filed and a hearing held promptly and no later than that. The point of the hearing is whether the detention or shelter care is required.

From

Service of the notice to leave the premises

Whose

The landlord

Three days is the notice, not the eviction: the count from a notice on the door to an officer at it runs through a filing, a hearing and a writ. Notice periods differ for some grounds, and federally assisted housing can require longer.

From

Receiving the notice

Whose

The judgment debtor

A written request delivered to the clerk. The hearing is then held no later than 12 days after the request. Nothing in the chapter applies an exemption on its own, because nobody has been asked to.

From

The missed payment

Whose

The lessee under a lease purchase agreement

Allowed before default is determined where payments are monthly, and a grace period of that kind is available not more than 3 times per year. The limit is on how many, not on the length of the first one.

From

The termination date named in the notice

Whose

Either the landlord or the tenant

Measured against the date the notice names, and a floor rather than a ceiling. Nothing prevents more notice.

From

The day set for trial, counted back

Whose

The court

The summons has to be served at least that long before the day set for trial. The hearing on possession is set by the court's local rules, and not sooner than the seventh day after service is complete.

From

Receiving notification of the designation

Whose

The dog's owner, keeper or harborer

The request is in writing and is filed with the court named in the notice, the one covering where the alleged act occurred, not with the dog warden who made the designation. At the hearing the burden is on the person who designated the dog, by clear and convincing evidence, so letting the 10 calendar days run gives away a hearing the owner would not have had to carry.

From

The sale, transfer or death of the dog

Whose

The dog's owner, keeper or harborer

Notice goes to both the county auditor and the dog warden. Failing it is a minor misdemeanor under the section that sets the duties of owning a dangerous or vicious dog.

From

The court receiving the request for a hearing

Whose

The court

At the end of the hearing the court issues a final determination on whether the dog is designated and what becomes of it. Either side may appeal that determination as in any other case filed in that court.

From

The officer receiving the writ

Whose

The officer

The officer restores the landlord to possession inside that period.

From

The notice to a residential customer delinquent on a regulated service

Whose

The company

The disconnection itself happens during the company's normal business hours.

From

The date of the warden's certified mail notice

Whose

The owner of the dog

Unless the dog is redeemed within that time it may thereafter be sold or destroyed according to law. The license is what puts the dog on the list the warden reads, and the notice goes to the address the registration carries.

From

Service of the complaint

Whose

The defendant

Served on the lender's attorney and filed with the court within 3 days of serving it. Most foreclosures are decided by default, which means nobody answered.

From

Notice of the board of revision's decision being mailed

Whose

The property owner, or anybody else the section lets complain

A notice of appeal is filed within that time with the board of tax appeals and the board of revision, or, by the person in whose name the property is listed, with the court of common pleas and the board. The two routes are alternatives.

From

The hearing on parental rights and responsibilities, counted back

Whose

The parent asking for shared parenting

Outside a dissolution, a parent who asks for shared parenting files the plan at least that long before the hearing on parental rights and responsibilities. In a dissolution the plan is filed with the petition.

From

Written notice of the change and its effective date going to all tenants and owners in the park

Whose

The park operator

No fee, charge, assessment or rental fee may be increased, and no rule changed, without the operator specifying the date it takes effect, and that date has to be at least that far out. Nothing goes up during a rental agreement term.

From

The periodic rental date, the day the tenancy renews

Whose

Either the landlord or the tenant

Measured against the rental date rather than counted forward from today. Notice given on the tenth, for a rental date on the first, is not 30 days before the first of the following month. It reaches the month after that.

From

The hearing date

Whose

The applicant for a minor

Where a parent, or a parent's address, is unknown, notice by publication in a newspaper of general circulation in the county at least 30 days before the hearing is sufficient as to that parent. An adult's own application carries whatever notice the court sets, if it holds a hearing at all.

From

The landlord's receipt of the written notice

Whose

The landlord

The outside of the time to remedy. The section's own measure is a reasonable time considering how severe the condition is and how long the remedy takes, or thirty days, whichever is sooner. After it, a tenant who is current in rent has the section's three remedies, unless the landlord is one the section does not reach.

From

The rental agreement ending and possession being delivered

Whose

The landlord

Any deduction has to be itemized and identified in a written notice delivered along with whatever amount is due. Where a written forwarding address was given and nothing comes back, the section carries double the amount wrongfully withheld plus reasonable attorney fees.

From

The filing of the petition

Whose

Both spouses, who each appear

A floor and a ceiling on the same window: not less than 30 nor more than 90 days after filing, both spouses appear and each acknowledges under oath that they voluntarily entered into the separation agreement. Agreeing to go sooner does not move the floor.

From

The seller accepting the buyer's offer

Whose

The buyer

Rescission under the disclosure section is no longer available after that day or after the closing, whichever comes first, whether or not the form has arrived by then.

From

The date of the default

Whose

The seller

Then the seller serves a written notice specifying which terms were not complied with, and the contract stands forfeited unless the buyer performs within 10 days of completed service. Two separate periods. At 5 years of payments, or 20 percent of the price paid, forfeiture is off the table and it is foreclosure and judicial sale only.

From

The last labor performed or material furnished

Whose

The contractor or supplier

Work that is not a residential dwelling is 75 days. A lien filed outside the window is not a lien. After one is satisfied, a lienholder who does not cause its release within 30 days is liable for the damages.

From

The date of the latest signature on the affidavit

Whose

One of the persons who signed it

The date it runs from is the one on the form, which is not always the date of the birth or the date anybody filed it. Once this has run, the only route left is an action within 1 year of the acknowledgment becoming final, on fraud, duress or material mistake of fact.

From

Becoming a resident of the state

Whose

The plaintiff in a divorce or annulment, or one of the spouses in a dissolution

Counted immediately before the complaint or petition is filed, so a move into Ohio sets the earliest date either route is open. Which county the case belongs in is a separate question governed by the civil rules rather than by these sections.

From

The acknowledgment becoming final

Whose

Either person who signed, a presumed father who did not sign, or the child's guardian or legal custodian

Only on the basis of fraud, duress, or material mistake of fact, and those are the whole of the list. An acknowledgment that is final is a determination of paternity rather than a presumption, so there is nothing to rebut with evidence outside this route.

From

The cause of action accruing, which is the adverse use beginning

Whose

The record owner

An action to recover the title to or possession of real property is brought within that time. After it, a possessor who proves exclusive, open, notorious, continuous and adverse use for the whole period by clear and convincing evidence holds the title.

From

The office receiving the served complaint

Whose

The public office

No complaint or mandamus action may be filed within the period, and either filing afterwards carries a written affirmation that the office was served at least three business days before. A suit filed without one is dismissed.

From

Receiving the report and recommendation

Whose

Either party to a public records complaint in the court of claims

Where neither side objects in time the court promptly adopts the report unless an error of law is evident on its face, so this period is where the argument happens. The other side then has 7 business days to respond, and the court issues a final order within 7 business days of that response.

From

The date the place of employment changes

Whose

A registrant

The opposite direction from the home address, which is registered 20 days ahead of the move. Two rules in one section, counting opposite ways.

From

The arrest

Whose

The arresting officer or the officer's agency

The arresting field officer, probation officer or peace officer, or that officer's department or agency, notifies the chief probation officer or a designee that the person under community control has been arrested.

From

The date set for trial, or receipt of notice of it

Whose

You

The demand has to be in writing and filed with the clerk. The words whichever is later do real work: notice that arrives 9 days out has not closed the window, it has opened a 3 day one.

From

The petition being docketed

Whose

The prosecuting attorney

The prosecuting attorney responds to the petition by answer or motion within ten days after it is docketed, or within any further time the court fixes for good cause shown.

From

The motion being filed and served on the prosecuting attorney

Whose

The state

A motion made at or before the commencement of trial, and not sooner than 14 days before the eligibility date, dismisses the charges with prejudice unless the person is brought to trial inside that period.

From

The date the address changes

Whose

A registrant

Ahead of the move, not after it. The same 20 days applies to a change of school or of an institution of higher education. Where another state's law applies, the section sets the deadline as the earlier of the period that state requires or at least 7 days before the change.

From

The date the issues are raised

Whose

Either party

Either party may move for summary judgment within twenty days from the date the issues are raised, and the right to it has to appear on the face of the record.

From

The trial date

Whose

The party calling the expert

A period the court may change for good cause. The report carries a summary of the expert's qualifications.

From

The complaint, indictment or information in the forfeiture action, or the seizure itself where nothing has been filed

Whose

You

A court may extend it for good cause. The clock runs from the seizure, not from the charge.

From

The chief probation officer being notified of the arrest

Whose

The chief probation officer or a designee

The probation office promptly brings the person who was arrested before the judge or magistrate before whom the case was pending, within thirty days of being notified of the arrest.

From

Entry of the order that is final on its entry

Whose

You

Past it, a criminal defendant may seek leave for a delayed appeal, and the motion has to set out why the appeal as of right was not taken.

From

Service of the written demand

Whose

The person bringing the civil action

It is a civil demand and not a criminal one, and it is the letter people receive. The section allows recovery of reasonable attorney fees on smaller claims where its conditions are met.

From

Arraignment, or the trial date, whichever produces the earlier date

Whose

You

The court may extend the time in the interest of justice. The jury demand in the trial rule runs the other way, on whichever is later, which is two rules in one set of rules counting in opposite directions.

From

The sentencing court receiving the director's notice

Whose

The sentencing court

After a hearing the court grants the reduction the director recommended unless it finds the presumption rebutted, and notifies the department of its decision not later than sixty days after receiving the notice.

From

The parole being granted, counted back

Whose

The adult parole authority

The authority provides notice of the pending parole to the prosecuting attorney and the judge of the court of common pleas of the county where the indictment was found, and where the section requires to the victim, at least that long before granting it.

From

The offense being committed

Whose

The state

A prosecution for a minor misdemeanor is commenced within that time, which for a citation means the citation being issued rather than the case being heard.

From

Arrest on the pending charge

Whose

The state

A misdemeanor runs shorter: 90 days for a first or second degree misdemeanor, 45 for a third or fourth, 30 for a minor one. Each day held in jail in lieu of bail on the pending charge counts as three, so a felony's 270 becomes 90 for somebody who cannot post bond.

From

The time for filing the appeal expiring

Whose

The person convicted

Where no appeal is taken, the petition is filed no later than three hundred sixty five days after the time for filing the appeal expires. Where there is an appeal, the same three hundred sixty five days run from the trial transcript being filed in the court of appeals.

From

The date the trial transcript is filed in the court of appeals on the direct appeal

Whose

You

Not from the conviction and not from the appeal being decided, which is what makes it the filing nobody tells the defendant about.

From

The offense being committed

Whose

The state

A prosecution for a misdemeanor other than a minor misdemeanor is commenced within that time. The same tolling applies as for a felony: the period does not run while the accused purposely avoids prosecution.

From

The date the court issues the sealing order

Whose

The juvenile court

Or the person's twenty third birthday, whichever date is earlier. Nothing has to be applied for: expungement follows a sealing on its own.

From

The offense being committed

Whose

The state

A prosecution for a felony is commenced within that time, by indictment, information, lawful arrest without a warrant, or the issue of a warrant, summons or citation, whichever is first. It does not run while the accused purposely avoids prosecution, and the section lists felonies carrying a longer period or none at all.

From

The offense being committed

Whose

The state

A prosecution for rape or sexual battery is commenced within that time, and the section adds a further period where a DNA record is later matched to an identifiable person. Aggravated murder and murder have no period at all.

From

Arrest without a warrant

Whose

The court

A judge has to look at whether there was probable cause to hold you, without unnecessary delay and generally inside that window. That review is about the paperwork, and it can happen without you in the room.

From

The event that caused the injury

Whose

The person suing

Ohio's general personal injury limit, which federal courts also borrow for a civil rights claim under section 1983. A missed limit ends a claim regardless of what happened.