SOURCE LIST

Shelved by title of the Ohio Revised Code, in section order. Open a title to see its sections.

• Troxel v. Granville, 530 U.S. 57 (2000)A parent's decisions about the care, custody and control of a child are protected by the Due Process ClauseCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968)Investigative stops require reasonable suspicionCited by 8 sections · 9 walkthroughs · 6 words
• Minnesota v. Dickerson, 508 U.S. 366 (1993)Contraband felt during a lawful weapons pat may be seized only where its identity is immediately apparent from the pat itselfCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial District, 542 U.S. 177 (2004)A stop and identify law may be enforced only once reasonable suspicion existsCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Perry Ed. Assn. v. Perry Local Educators' Assn., 460 U.S. 37 (1983)Government property is sorted into public, designated, and nonpublic forumsCited by 4 sections · 4 walkthroughs · 2 words
• City of Houston v. Hill, 482 U.S. 451 (1987)Speech that annoys or challenges police is protected, and cannot be criminalized for that aloneCited by 4 sections · 4 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Papachristou v. Jacksonville, 405 U.S. 156 (1972)Vague loitering ordinances that invite arbitrary enforcement are unconstitutionalCited by 1 section
• Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643 (1961)Evidence from an unlawful search is excluded in state courtCited by 5 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1966)Right to remain silent and to counsel during custodial interrogationCited by 5 sections · 8 walkthroughs · 4 words
• Payton v. New York, 445 U.S. 573 (1980)Warrantless entry into a home to make a routine arrest is barredCited by 5 sections · 3 walkthroughs
• Wilson v. Arkansas, 514 U.S. 927 (1995)Knocking and announcing is part of whether an entry is reasonableCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Georgia v. Randolph, 547 U.S. 103 (2006)A present occupant's refusal defeats another occupant's consentCited by 2 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Kentucky v. King, 563 U.S. 452 (2011)Police may enter without a warrant when they reasonably fear evidence is being destroyedCited by 2 sections · 1 word
• Florida v. Jardines, 569 U.S. 1 (2013)Bringing a drug dog to the front door is itself a searchCited by 1 section · 2 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Brigham City v. Stuart, 547 U.S. 398 (2006)Police may enter to render emergency aidCited by 1 section · 1 word
• Schneckloth v. Bustamonte, 412 U.S. 218 (1973)Consent to a search must be voluntaryCited by 8 sections · 11 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Whren v. United States, 517 U.S. 806 (1996)A traffic stop is reasonable when there is probable cause of a traffic violationCited by 6 sections · 5 walkthroughs · 2 words
• Riley v. California, 573 U.S. 373 (2014)Police need a warrant to search a phone seized during an arrestCited by 3 sections · 3 walkthroughs · 2 words
• Brendlin v. California, 551 U.S. 249 (2007)A passenger is seized by a traffic stop and may challenge itCited by 2 sections · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Maryland v. Wilson, 519 U.S. 408 (1997)An officer may order passengers out of a lawfully stopped carCited by 4 sections · 5 walkthroughs · 1 word
• County of Riverside v. McLaughlin, 500 U.S. 44 (1991)Probable cause review generally within 48 hours of a warrantless arrestCited by 3 sections · 2 walkthroughs
• Berkemer v. McCarty, 468 U.S. 420 (1984)A routine traffic stop is not custody for Miranda purposesCited by 2 sections · 4 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Rodriguez v. United States, 575 U.S. 348 (2015)A stop may not be extended beyond its purpose to run a dog sniffCited by 2 sections · 4 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Birchfield v. North Dakota, 579 U.S. 438 (2016)A breath test may be taken incident to arrest, a blood draw needs a warrantCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Missouri v. McNeely, 569 U.S. 141 (2013)The natural fall of blood alcohol is not by itself an emergency justifying a warrantless drawCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Pennsylvania v. Mimms, 434 U.S. 106 (1977)An officer may order the driver out of a lawfully stopped carCited by 3 sections · 3 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Chapman v. United States, 365 U.S. 610 (1961)A landlord cannot consent to a search of a tenant's homeCited by 2 sections · 2 walkthroughs
• Minnesota v. Olson, 495 U.S. 91 (1990)An overnight guest has a reasonable expectation of privacy in the homeCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Illinois v. Rodriguez, 497 U.S. 177 (1990)Consent from someone officers reasonably but wrongly believed had authority can still standCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• South Dakota v. Opperman, 428 U.S. 364 (1976)A routine inventory of a lawfully impounded vehicle, done to standard procedure, is reasonableCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Cox v. Louisiana, 379 U.S. 536 (1965)Assembly and speech in public places are protected, though not free of all regulationCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• New Jersey v. T.L.O., 469 U.S. 325 (1985)A school search needs reasonable grounds, not a warrant or probable causeCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• J.D.B. v. North Carolina, 564 U.S. 261 (2011)A child's age is part of the Miranda custody analysisCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335 (1963)A state must provide counsel to a defendant who cannot afford oneCited by 2 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Morrissey v. Brewer, 408 U.S. 471 (1972)Revoking parole requires the minimum due process the opinion lists, though it is not a criminal prosecutionCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Gagnon v. Scarpelli, 411 U.S. 778 (1973)Probation revocation carries the same due process minimums, with counsel decided case by caseCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Argersinger v. Hamlin, 407 U.S. 25 (1972)No jail sentence without counsel, misdemeanors includedCited by 2 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963)Suppressing evidence favorable to the accused and material to guilt or punishment violates due process, good faith asideCited by 2 sections · 3 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Giglio v. United States, 405 U.S. 150 (1972)Evidence impeaching a government witness falls inside the disclosure dutyCited by 1 section · 2 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386 (1989)Force during a seizure is judged by objective reasonableness from the officer's perspective at the timeCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 2 words
• Tennessee v. Garner, 471 U.S. 1 (1985)Deadly force against a fleeing suspect is unreasonable absent probable cause of a significant threat of death or serious injuryCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Pearson v. Callahan, 555 U.S. 223 (2009)Qualified immunity protects an official unless the right violated was clearly establishedCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Bearden v. Georgia, 461 U.S. 660 (1983)A court may not imprison for nonpayment without determining the failure to pay was willfulCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Goss v. Lopez, 419 U.S. 565 (1975)A public school student facing suspension is entitled to notice and an opportunity to be heardCited by 1 section
• Glik v. Cunniffe (1st Cir.), 655 F.3d 78 (1st Cir. 2011)Openly recording police performing their duties in public is protected by the First AmendmentCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Fields v. City of Philadelphia (3d Cir.), 862 F.3d 353 (3d Cir. 2017)The First Amendment protects recording police activity in publicCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• State v. Hoover, 123 Ohio St.3d 418, 2009-Ohio-4993Refusing a chemical test after a prior OVI conviction can carry its own penaltyCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Barberton v. Jenney, 126 Ohio St.3d 5, 2010-Ohio-2420A trained officer's unaided visual estimation of speed could support a conviction, which the General Assembly then limited by statuteOpens a search, not the opinionCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Grace v. Koch, 81 Ohio St.3d 577, 1998-Ohio-607Adverse possession is proved by clear and convincing evidence of exclusive possession and open, notorious, continuous and adverse use for twenty one yearsCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• State v. Turner, 163 Ohio St.3d 421, 2020-Ohio-6773Driving on, but not across, the fog line is not a marked lanes violation and does not on its own justify a stopCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Raimonde v. Van Vlerah, 42 Ohio St.2d 21 (1975)A covenant not to compete is reasonable where it is no greater than required to protect the employer, imposes no undue hardship on the employee, and is not injurious to the public; a court may modify rather than only strikeCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Wooten v. Knisley, 79 Ohio St.3d 282 (1997)A criminal conviction is not a prerequisite to civil liability for treble damages under the reckless destruction of vegetation sectionCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• GTE Automatic Elec. v. ARC Industries, 47 Ohio St.2d 146 (1976)The three things a motion for relief from judgment has to showOpens a search, not the opinionCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• State v. Athon, 136 Ohio St.3d 43, 2013-Ohio-1956A public records request by an accused for material obtainable through discovery is the equivalent of a discovery demand and triggers reciprocal discoveryCited by 2 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Girard v. Giordano, 155 Ohio St.3d 470, 2018-Ohio-5024The explanation of circumstances is a procedural protection, not a measure of the sufficiency of the evidenceCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Hollingsworth v. Timmerman-Cooper, 133 Ohio St.3d 253, 2012-Ohio-3907The bar on using a no contest plea in a later proceeding does not reach the defendant's own collateral attack on the convictionCited by 1 section · 1 word
• State v. MacDonald, 48 Ohio St.2d 66 (1976)The triple count applies only to a person held in jail in lieu of bail solely on the pending chargeCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Maumee v. Anistik, 69 Ohio St.3d 339 (1994)A refusal to take a chemical test may be considered by the juryOpens a search, not the opinionCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• State v. Bobo, 37 Ohio St.3d 177 (1988)Where an officer has reasonable suspicion that a person is armed, judged on the totality of the circumstances, a protective search may be initiated for the safety of the officer and othersOpens a search, not the opinionCited by 2 sections · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• State v. Evans, 67 Ohio St.3d 405 (1993)The purpose of a protective pat down is to let an officer investigate without fear of violence, and it stops once touch shows the object is not a weaponCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Browning v. Pendleton (6th Cir.), 869 F.2d 989 (6th Cir. 1989) (en banc)Ohio's two year personal injury limit is the one borrowed for a section 1983 claimCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• State v. Moore, 90 Ohio St.3d 47, 2000-Ohio-10Ohio Supreme Court held that the smell of burnt marijuana alone, by a person qualified to recognize the odor, establishes probable cause to search a motor vehicle under the automobile exceptionCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• State v. Dejournett, 2026-Ohio-640Ninth District, 2026: the odor of burnt marijuana alone still supplies probable cause, because Moore binds until the Supreme Court says otherwiseOpens a search, not the opinionCited by 2 sections · 1 walkthrough
• State v. Lewis (2026), 2026-Ohio-1382Eighth District, 2026: possession and consumption being lawful, the odor alone gave no probable cause to believe a crime had been committedCited by 2 sections · 1 walkthrough
• San Francisco v. Sheehan, 575 U.S. 600 (2015)The Supreme Court took the question of whether Title II applies to arrests and then dismissed that part as improvidently granted, deciding only the Fourth Amendment claimCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Roell v. Hamilton County, 870 F.3d 471 (6th Cir. 2017)Sixth Circuit, covering Ohio, declined to decide whether Title II reaches an arrest and resolved the case on whether the accommodation sought was reasonableCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Dayton v. State, 151 Ohio St.3d 168, 2017-Ohio-6909Ohio Supreme Court struck three traffic camera restrictions as unconstitutional intrusions on municipal home rule, including the requirement that an officer be present at the deviceCited by 1 section · 1 word

• 89 FR, DOJ rescheduling orderApril 2026 order placing FDA approved and state licensed medical marijuana products in Schedule III, with broader rescheduling still under reviewCited by 1 section
• 8 C.F.R. 287.7Immigration detainers, the form they take, and the custody they ask forCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• 28 C.F.R. 35.130(b)(7)Reasonable modifications to policies, practices or procedures, and the fundamental alteration limitCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• 28 C.F.R. 35.139Direct threat, and when a modification is not requiredCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• 28 C.F.R. 35.160Effective communication, auxiliary aids and services, and primary consideration for what the person asks forCited by 2 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 2 words
• 39 C.F.R. 232.1Conduct on postal property, including when photography is allowed in a lobbyCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• 41 C.F.R. 102-74.420Photography in federal buildings for news, advertising, or commercial purposesCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Crim.R. 4Warrant or summons, arrest, and the probable cause review after a warrantless arrestOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Crim.R. 5Initial appearance, where the court states the charge and the right to counselOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 3 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Ohio Crim.R. 6The grand jury, its size, the votes needed to indict, and the secrecy it works underOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 2 sections · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Crim.R. 10Arraignment, where the charge is read and a plea is enteredOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 2 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Sup.R. 12Broadcasting and recording court proceedingsOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 2 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Ohio Crim.R. 44Assignment of counsel where a defendant cannot employ oneOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 2 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 2 words
• Ohio Crim.R. 46Pretrial release, bail, and conditions of releaseOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 2 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Ohio Crim.R. 12Pretrial motions, including motions to suppress evidenceOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 14 sections · 10 walkthroughs · 2 words
• OAC 109:4-3-13Motor vehicle repairs or services, the estimate choice and the ten percentCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• OAC 3301-69-02Excuses from school attendance, and the conditions on which an absence may be excusedCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• OAC 4121-3-20An application for an additional award for violation of a specific safety requirement, and the time to file itCited by 1 section
• OAC 5101:6-7-03Carrying out a state hearing decision: fifteen days from the decision, and never later than ninety from the requestCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• OAC 4901:1-18Termination of residential utility service, the chapter the commission runs it underCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• OAC 4901:1-18-04Delinquent bills, and the notice required before a disconnectionCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• OAC 4901:1-18-06The medical certificate that postpones a disconnectionCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• OAC 5160:1-2-07Medicaid estate recovery, including the delay while a spouse or certain residents surviveCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• OAC 5101:6-3-02State hearing requests, and the ninety days that run only once notice of hearing rights has been givenCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• OAC 5101:6-4-01Continuation of benefits when a state hearing is requestedCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• OAC 5101:6-8-01The administrative appeal of a state hearing decision, and the fifteen days to ask for oneCited by 1 section
• OAC 4501-41-03Administrative rule carrying the light transmittance figures the tint statute delegatesCited by 2 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Ohio Crim.R. 16Discovery and inspection, what each side owes the other, and whenOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 4 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 2 words
• Ohio Evid.R. 609Impeachment of a witness by evidence of a criminal convictionOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Crim.R. 2Definitions, including serious offense and petty offenseOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 2 words
• Ohio Crim.R. 11Pleas, and what each one admitsOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 3 sections · 3 walkthroughs · 2 words
• Ohio Crim.R. 32Sentence, and the advice about appeal that follows itOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section
• Ohio Crim.R. 17Subpoena in a criminal case, including for documentsOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Civ.R. 4.1Methods of service, including certified mail and the ordinary mail that follows a refusalOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Civ.R. 4.6Process refused and process unclaimed, and what the clerk does nextOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 2 walkthroughs
• Ohio Civ.R. 12Defenses and objections, including the twenty eight days to answer a complaintOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Civ.R. 5Serving and filing papers after the complaint, including filing within three days of serviceOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Civ.R. 55Default, and the seven days a party who has appeared is owedOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 2 walkthroughs
• Ohio Civ.R. 60Relief from a judgment or orderOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Civ.R. 45Subpoena in a civil caseOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Crim.R. 32.3Revocation of community control, the hearing it requires, and counselOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Evid.R. 101Where the rules of evidence apply, and the proceedings they are excepted fromOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Evid.R. 410Inadmissibility of pleas, plea discussions, and related statementsOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 1 section
• Ohio App.R. 4Appeal as of right, and the thirty days it has to be filed inOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 2 sections · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Ohio App.R. 5Appeals by leave of court in criminal cases, after the thirty days have runOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 2 sections · 1 word
• Ohio Crim.R. 23Trial by jury or by the court, and the written demand a petty offense needsOpens the whole rule set, not this ruleCited by 2 sections · 2 walkthroughs · 2 words
• OAC 5120:1-1-18Release revocation hearing, and the releasee's rights at itCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word

• Ohio Const. art. I, § 14Search warrants and general warrantsCited by 6 sections · 4 walkthroughs · 1 word
• Ohio Const. art. I, § 11Freedom of speech and of the pressCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Const. art. I, § 10Rights of the accusedCited by 4 sections · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Const. art. II, § 34aMinimum wage, the yearly adjustment, and what an underpaid employee is owedCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Const. art. I, § 10aRights of victims of crimes, known as Marsy's LawCited by 2 sections · 1 walkthrough
• U.S. Const. amend. IFreedom of speech and of the pressCited by 5 sections · 5 walkthroughs · 2 words
• U.S. Const. amend. IVSearches and seizuresCited by 22 sections · 17 walkthroughs · 10 words
• U.S. Const. amend. VRights in criminal cases, self incriminationCited by 9 sections · 15 walkthroughs · 1 word
• U.S. Const. amend. VIRight to counselCited by 4 sections · 6 walkthroughs · 2 words
• U.S. Const. amend. XIVDue process and equal protection as against the statesCited by 1 section
• Ohio Const. art. XVIII, § 3Home rule, the authority of municipalities to govern their own local affairsCited by 2 sections · 1 walkthrough · 1 word

• Drug Offense Quick Reference GuideOhio Criminal Sentencing Commission, February 2023 editionCited by 3 sections · 1 walkthrough
• Felony Sentencing Reference GuideOhio Criminal Sentencing Commission, March 2026 editionCited by 2 sections · 2 walkthroughs
• Hospital Care Assurance ProgramOhio Department of Medicaid, the program that pays hospitals for the free care the section requiresCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Bureau of Workers' CompensationWhere a workplace injury claim is filed, and what it does with oneCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Ohio Civil Rights CommissionWhere a charge of discrimination is filed, and what it does with oneCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• Online Public Inspection FileOhio Attorney General, the decisions and rules that put a supplier on notice a practice is unlawfulCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough · 1 word
• Ohio exemption amountsOhio Judicial Conference, the adjusted dollar figures for ORC 2329.66, reissued every three yearsCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough
• PUCO Special Reconnect OrderPublic Utilities Commission of Ohio, reissued each heating season with its own dates and figureCited by 1 section · 1 walkthrough