Hurt, wronged, or owed money
THINKING ABOUT SUING
What Ohio law says about the time to bring a claim, by the kind of claim, and about the court that hears small ones. Every period here is one the guide already states, with the section it comes from and the law that section cites.
A period runs from the event its statute names. When that event happened, and whether anything paused the count, are facts a lawyer applies; whether a claim is worth bringing is a question for one too. Nothing here answers either.
THE TIME TO SUE
An injury to a person
Hurt in a fall, a crash, a dog bite, or by somebody's carelessness.
2 years
Suing for a bodily injury
- From
- The event that caused the injury
Ohio's general personal injury limit, which federal courts also borrow for a civil rights claim under section 1983. A missed limit ends a claim regardless of what happened.
Damage to property
A car, a phone, a fence, or anything else damaged or taken.
2 years
Suing over injury to personal property
- From
- The injury or loss to the property occurring
An action for injuring personal property is brought within two years after the cause of action accrues, which the section places at the injury or loss to the property, with exceptions it lists.
A written contract
A signed agreement, a lease, a written estimate or invoice.
6 years
Suing on a written contract
- From
- Accrual
A contract not in writing is 4 years. A note runs 6 years from its due date.
A contract not in writing
A deal made in words or a handshake, or an account with no signed paper.
4 years
Suing on a contract not in writing
- From
- Accrual
A payment on the contract, or a signed written acknowledgment or promise to pay it, starts the period over from that payment, acknowledgment or promise.
A CLAIM AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT
A claim against a public body often has a step of its own before a lawsuit, and a shorter period for it. These are the ones the Ohio guide carries, in the order they come. A body none of them names is not covered here yet.
Step 1
2 years
Suing a political subdivision
- From
- The claim accruing
An action against a political subdivision for injury, death, or loss to person or property is brought within two years after the cause of action accrues, or within any shorter period the Revised Code sets.
Step 2
2 years
Suing the state in the court of claims
- From
- The cause of action accruing
A civil action against the state in the court of claims is commenced no later than two years after the cause of action accrues, after first trying to have a claim for injury, death or loss settled by the office of risk management.
SMALL CLAIMS COURT
The limit in Ohio
Up to six thousand dollars
ORC 1925.02 — six thousand dollars, and no lawyer needed
WHAT TO HAVE TOGETHER
Whoever looks at a claim, a lawyer, a legal aid office or a small claims clerk, works from the same handful of facts. These are the ones people are most often asked for, gathered in one place.
When and where it happened
The date, the time if you know it, and the place, as exactly as you can say it.
Who was involved
The person or business on the other side, and the name it uses on its papers or its sign.
What happened, in order
Written down while it is fresh, in your own words, with what was said.
What it cost
Bills, receipts, estimates, repair quotes, and days of work missed, each with its amount.
Photos and papers
Pictures of the place, the damage or the injury, and every letter, contract, receipt or email.
Witnesses
Who saw it, and a phone number or address for each.
Reports already made
A police or incident report, a claim number with an insurer, or a complaint to an agency.
Insurance
Your own policy, and any insurer for the other side that you have been told about.
Keep it in one place
A case keeps all of it together in your account: what happened and when, what it cost, the people involved, every photo and paper kept privately, and one folder ready to download or send to a lawyer.
MyRightz is legal education, not legal advice. Nothing here creates an attorney client relationship. Applying the law to a particular situation is the work of a licensed Ohio attorney.