WHAT THE WORDS MEAN
Most of what goes wrong in an encounter goes wrong at the vocabulary. A word that sounds like it means one thing often means something narrower, or wider, in the statute. Here is each word Hawaii law uses, what it actually means, and the misreading it usually collects.
32 terms
A
Adequate supply
The medical cannabis a qualifying patient and primary caregiver hold together, not more than ten cannabis plants and four ounces of usable cannabis at any given time.
Also called medical cannabis limit
The medical cannabis a qualifying patient and primary caregiver hold together, not more than ten cannabis plants and four ounces of usable cannabis at any given time.
What it is not
It is a joint limit for the patient and caregiver together, not one each.
Administrative revocation
The revocation of a license that follows a notice issued at the arrest, decided by the director apart from the criminal case.
Also called ADLRO, license revocation after a DUI arrest
The revocation of a license that follows a notice issued at the arrest, decided by the director apart from the criminal case.
What it is not
It is not the court's sentence: it runs on its own clock, from the notice, whatever happens in the criminal case.
Alcohol enforcement contact
An administrative revocation, a suspension or revocation for refusing an alcohol test anywhere, or a conviction here or elsewhere for driving with an unlawful alcohol concentration or under the influence of alcohol.
Also called a prior
An administrative revocation, a suspension or revocation for refusing an alcohol test anywhere, or a conviction here or elsewhere for driving with an unlawful alcohol concentration or under the influence of alcohol.
What it is not
It is broader than a conviction: an administrative revocation counts even without one.
D
Deadly force
Force used with the intent of causing, or known to create a substantial risk of causing, death or serious bodily harm; firing a gun toward a person is deadly force.
Also called lethal force
Force used with the intent of causing, or known to create a substantial risk of causing, death or serious bodily harm; firing a gun toward a person is deadly force.
What it is not
Producing a weapon only to create an apprehension that deadly force will be used if necessary is not itself deadly force.
Domestic abuse
Physical harm, bodily injury, assault or their imminent threat, extreme psychological abuse, coercive control, or malicious property damage between family or household members.
Also called domestic violence
Physical harm, bodily injury, assault or their imminent threat, extreme psychological abuse, coercive control, or malicious property damage between family or household members.
What it is not
Household members include people in a dating relationship, but not adult roommates by contract alone.
Door to door sale
A sale solicited in person and signed somewhere other than the seller's business address, among others the section lists.
Also called home solicitation sale
A sale solicited in person and signed somewhere other than the seller's business address, among others the section lists.
What it is not
A sale negotiated during a visit to the seller's permanent store is not one.
E
Enclosed container
A rigidly constructed receptacle, or a commercially made gun case, that completely encloses the firearm.
Also called gun case
A rigidly constructed receptacle, or a commercially made gun case, that completely encloses the firearm.
What it is not
A firearm in the container is transported unloaded, and only between the places the section lists.
Expungement order
An order from the attorney general annulling, canceling and rescinding the record of an arrest that did not end in a conviction for a crime.
Also called expungement
An order from the attorney general annulling, canceling and rescinding the record of an arrest that did not end in a conviction for a crime.
What it is not
It covers arrests, not convictions for crimes; a conviction only for a violation now qualifies.
G
Government record
Information an agency maintains in written, auditory, visual, electronic or other physical form, open to public inspection unless a law restricts or closes it.
Also called public record
Information an agency maintains in written, auditory, visual, electronic or other physical form, open to public inspection unless a law restricts or closes it.
What it is not
An agency need not create a compilation or summary that is not readily retrievable in the form asked for.
H
Habitual operator
Someone convicted two or more times within ten years of operating a vehicle under the influence, or one or more times of the habitual offense.
Also called felony DUI
Someone convicted two or more times within ten years of operating a vehicle under the influence, or one or more times of the habitual offense.
What it is not
The next offense by a habitual operator is a felony, not a third misdemeanor.
Highly intoxicated driver
A driver with .15 or more grams of alcohol per one hundred milliliters of blood, or per two hundred ten liters of breath.
Also called high BAC
A driver with .15 or more grams of alcohol per one hundred milliliters of blood, or per two hundred ten liters of breath.
What it is not
It is not a separate offense; it adds jail and revocation time to the sentence for operating under the influence.
Holdover
A tenant staying in possession after the rental agreement ends without the landlord's consent, liable for up to twice the monthly rent prorated by the day.
Also called holding over
A tenant staying in possession after the rental agreement ends without the landlord's consent, liable for up to twice the monthly rent prorated by the day.
What it is not
After sixty days with no summary possession case and no agreement, a month to month tenancy at the old rent takes hold.
I
Ignition interlock permit
A permit the court issues, on proof of an interlock installed in every vehicle the defendant operates and of insurance, to drive an equipped vehicle during the revocation.
Also called interlock permit
A permit the court issues, on proof of an interlock installed in every vehicle the defendant operates and of insurance, to drive an equipped vehicle during the revocation.
What it is not
It is not a restored license; the revocation still runs, and driving without the interlock is driving on a revoked license.
Implied consent
Anyone who operates a vehicle on a public way, street, road or highway, or on or in the waters of the State, is deemed to have consented to a test of breath, blood or urine approved by the director of health.
Also called consent to a breath test
Anyone who operates a vehicle on a public way, street, road or highway, or on or in the waters of the State, is deemed to have consented to a test of breath, blood or urine approved by the director of health.
What it is not
The test is requested only after a lawful arrest and after the person is told they may refuse; a refusal means no test is given, with sanctions of its own.
Intoxicant control roadblock
A county police roadblock that stops every vehicle, or vehicles in a set numerical pattern, at a fixed place for no more than three hours, under minimum standards the statute sets.
Also called DUI checkpoint, sobriety checkpoint
A county police roadblock that stops every vehicle, or vehicles in a set numerical pattern, at a fixed place for no more than three hours, under minimum standards the statute sets.
What it is not
It is the one stop at which the statute does not ask for reasonable suspicion about the particular car.
J
Joint custody
An order giving both parents legal custody and sharing physical custody under a parenting plan, for frequent, continuing and meaningful contact with both.
Also called shared custody
An order giving both parents legal custody and sharing physical custody under a parenting plan, for frequent, continuing and meaningful contact with both.
What it is not
It can be joint legal custody alone, without joint physical custody.
L
Lemon law rights period
The term of the manufacturer's express warranty, two years from original delivery, or the first 24,000 miles, whichever comes first.
Also called lemon law period
The term of the manufacturer's express warranty, two years from original delivery, or the first 24,000 miles, whichever comes first.
What it is not
A defect reported in writing within it is repaired even if the repair itself comes after.
M
Measurable amount of alcohol
A test result of .02 or more but less than .08 grams of alcohol, in blood or in breath.
Also called zero tolerance, .02
A test result of .02 or more but less than .08 grams of alcohol, in blood or in breath.
What it is not
It matters for drivers under twenty one; at .08 or more the offense is operating under the influence, at any age.
N
Nonconsensual contact
Any contact without a person's consent, or in disregard of their express desire that it be avoided or stopped, in person, by phone, fax or any electronic communication including email.
Also called unwanted contact
Any contact without a person's consent, or in disregard of their express desire that it be avoided or stopped, in person, by phone, fax or any electronic communication including email.
What it is not
It does not have to be in person; messages count.
Notice of traffic infraction
The notice a driver receives for a traffic infraction, answered within 21 days of its issue by admitting, denying, or admitting with an explanation.
Also called traffic ticket, citation
The notice a driver receives for a traffic infraction, answered within 21 days of its issue by admitting, denying, or admitting with an explanation.
What it is not
Not answering is not the same as contesting: without an answer the court enters a default judgment.
O
Operating a vehicle under the influence of an intoxicant
Operating or assuming actual physical control of a vehicle while impaired by alcohol or a drug, or with .08 or more grams of alcohol per two hundred ten liters of breath or per one hundred milliliters of blood.
Also called OVUII, DUI, drunk driving
Operating or assuming actual physical control of a vehicle while impaired by alcohol or a drug, or with .08 or more grams of alcohol per two hundred ten liters of breath or per one hundred milliliters of blood.
What it is not
Actual physical control is enough; the statute does not require that the vehicle was moving.
P
Permit to acquire
The permit from the chief of police that anyone acquiring ownership of a firearm, by purchase, gift, inheritance or otherwise, gets first.
Also called gun permit, purchase permit
The permit from the chief of police that anyone acquiring ownership of a firearm, by purchase, gift, inheritance or otherwise, gets first.
What it is not
It is not a license to carry; carrying in public needs a separate license.
Petty misdemeanor
The lowest grade of crime, punishable by up to 30 days in jail.
Also called PM
The lowest grade of crime, punishable by up to 30 days in jail.
What it is not
It is a crime, unlike a violation, even though the jail term is short.
Probable cause
Facts and circumstances, within an officer's knowledge or from reasonably trustworthy information, enough for a person of reasonable caution to believe a crime has been or is being committed.
Also called PC
Facts and circumstances, within an officer's knowledge or from reasonably trustworthy information, enough for a person of reasonable caution to believe a crime has been or is being committed.
What it is not
It does not require that the officer saw the offense; an arrest without a warrant may rest on it either way.
R
Repair and deduct
Where the landlord does not start repairs in time, the tenant may have the work done competently and deduct the actual cost from rent, up to $1,000 or one month's rent, whichever is greater, on giving the landlord receipts.
Also called fix and deduct
Where the landlord does not start repairs in time, the tenant may have the work done competently and deduct the actual cost from rent, up to $1,000 or one month's rent, whichever is greater, on giving the landlord receipts.
What it is not
It is not withholding rent; the deduction is limited to receipted work and to conditions the tenant did not cause.
S
Security deposit
Money held by the landlord for unpaid rent, damage, keys, cleaning, wrongful quitting, pet damage and unpaid utilities the landlord provided, no more than one month's rent plus a pet deposit.
Also called damage deposit
Money held by the landlord for unpaid rent, damage, keys, cleaning, wrongful quitting, pet damage and unpaid utilities the landlord provided, no more than one month's rent plus a pet deposit.
What it is not
It is not the last month's rent unless both sides agree in writing on forty five days' notice.
Shoplifting
Concealing or taking a store's goods, altering a price tag, or moving goods between containers, with intent to defraud.
Also called retail theft
Concealing or taking a store's goods, altering a price tag, or moving goods between containers, with intent to defraud.
What it is not
Leaving the store is not required; concealing the goods with intent to defraud is enough.
Simple trespass
Knowingly entering or remaining unlawfully in or upon premises, a violation.
Also called trespassing
Knowingly entering or remaining unlawfully in or upon premises, a violation.
What it is not
Fences, written warnings and posted signs are what raise it to criminal trespass, a crime.
Summary possession
The proceeding that restores possession of premises held without right after a tenancy ends, leading to a judgment and a writ of possession.
Also called eviction case
The proceeding that restores possession of premises held without right after a tenancy ends, leading to a judgment and a writ of possession.
What it is not
A notice from the landlord is not the eviction; only a writ of possession authorizes removal.
T
Terroristic threatening
Threatening, by word or conduct, bodily injury, serious damage to property including pets or livestock, or a felony, with intent to terrorize or in reckless disregard of that risk.
Also called threats charge
Threatening, by word or conduct, bodily injury, serious damage to property including pets or livestock, or a felony, with intent to terrorize or in reckless disregard of that risk.
What it is not
Nothing about terrorism is required; the name covers ordinary threats to a person.
V
Violation
An offense punishable only by a fine, forfeiture or other civil penalty. A violation does not constitute a crime.
Also called non criminal offense
An offense punishable only by a fine, forfeiture or other civil penalty. A violation does not constitute a crime.
What it is not
A conviction of a violation is still a conviction of an offense; it just is not a crime and carries no civil disability.
W
Wrongfully quit
A tenant absent for twenty days or more without written notice to the landlord, during a period no rent was paid for, is deemed to have wrongfully quit.
Also called abandoning a rental
A tenant absent for twenty days or more without written notice to the landlord, during a period no rent was paid for, is deemed to have wrongfully quit.
What it is not
An absence while rent is being paid is not wrongfully quitting.
About this guide — definitions, not applications. Whether a word describes what happened in a particular case is exactly the question a licensed Hawaii attorney answers and a glossary cannot. Current as of October 2026.