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WHAT THE WORDS MEAN

Most of what goes wrong in an encounter goes wrong at the vocabulary. A word that sounds like it means one thing often means something narrower, or wider, in the statute. Here is each word Hawaii law uses, what it actually means, and the misreading it usually collects.

32 terms

A

Adequate supply

The medical cannabis a qualifying patient and primary caregiver hold together, not more than ten cannabis plants and four ounces of usable cannabis at any given time.

Also called medical cannabis limit

The medical cannabis a qualifying patient and primary caregiver hold together, not more than ten cannabis plants and four ounces of usable cannabis at any given time.

What it is not

It is a joint limit for the patient and caregiver together, not one each.

Where it applies →

Administrative revocation

The revocation of a license that follows a notice issued at the arrest, decided by the director apart from the criminal case.

Also called ADLRO, license revocation after a DUI arrest

The revocation of a license that follows a notice issued at the arrest, decided by the director apart from the criminal case.

What it is not

It is not the court's sentence: it runs on its own clock, from the notice, whatever happens in the criminal case.

  • HRS 291E-31
  • HRS 291E-41
Where it applies →

Alcohol enforcement contact

An administrative revocation, a suspension or revocation for refusing an alcohol test anywhere, or a conviction here or elsewhere for driving with an unlawful alcohol concentration or under the influence of alcohol.

Also called a prior

An administrative revocation, a suspension or revocation for refusing an alcohol test anywhere, or a conviction here or elsewhere for driving with an unlawful alcohol concentration or under the influence of alcohol.

What it is not

It is broader than a conviction: an administrative revocation counts even without one.

  • HRS 291E-1
Where it applies →

D

Deadly force

Force used with the intent of causing, or known to create a substantial risk of causing, death or serious bodily harm; firing a gun toward a person is deadly force.

Also called lethal force

Force used with the intent of causing, or known to create a substantial risk of causing, death or serious bodily harm; firing a gun toward a person is deadly force.

What it is not

Producing a weapon only to create an apprehension that deadly force will be used if necessary is not itself deadly force.

  • HRS 703-300
Where it applies →

Domestic abuse

Physical harm, bodily injury, assault or their imminent threat, extreme psychological abuse, coercive control, or malicious property damage between family or household members.

Also called domestic violence

Physical harm, bodily injury, assault or their imminent threat, extreme psychological abuse, coercive control, or malicious property damage between family or household members.

What it is not

Household members include people in a dating relationship, but not adult roommates by contract alone.

  • HRS 586-1
Where it applies →

Door to door sale

A sale solicited in person and signed somewhere other than the seller's business address, among others the section lists.

Also called home solicitation sale

A sale solicited in person and signed somewhere other than the seller's business address, among others the section lists.

What it is not

A sale negotiated during a visit to the seller's permanent store is not one.

  • HRS 481C-1
Where it applies →

E

Enclosed container

A rigidly constructed receptacle, or a commercially made gun case, that completely encloses the firearm.

Also called gun case

A rigidly constructed receptacle, or a commercially made gun case, that completely encloses the firearm.

What it is not

A firearm in the container is transported unloaded, and only between the places the section lists.

  • HRS 134-25
Where it applies →

Expungement order

An order from the attorney general annulling, canceling and rescinding the record of an arrest that did not end in a conviction for a crime.

Also called expungement

An order from the attorney general annulling, canceling and rescinding the record of an arrest that did not end in a conviction for a crime.

What it is not

It covers arrests, not convictions for crimes; a conviction only for a violation now qualifies.

  • HRS 831-3.2
Where it applies →

G

Government record

Information an agency maintains in written, auditory, visual, electronic or other physical form, open to public inspection unless a law restricts or closes it.

Also called public record

Information an agency maintains in written, auditory, visual, electronic or other physical form, open to public inspection unless a law restricts or closes it.

What it is not

An agency need not create a compilation or summary that is not readily retrievable in the form asked for.

  • HRS 92F-3
  • HRS 92F-11
Where it applies →

H

Habitual operator

Someone convicted two or more times within ten years of operating a vehicle under the influence, or one or more times of the habitual offense.

Also called felony DUI

Someone convicted two or more times within ten years of operating a vehicle under the influence, or one or more times of the habitual offense.

What it is not

The next offense by a habitual operator is a felony, not a third misdemeanor.

  • HRS 291E-61.5
Where it applies →

Highly intoxicated driver

A driver with .15 or more grams of alcohol per one hundred milliliters of blood, or per two hundred ten liters of breath.

Also called high BAC

A driver with .15 or more grams of alcohol per one hundred milliliters of blood, or per two hundred ten liters of breath.

What it is not

It is not a separate offense; it adds jail and revocation time to the sentence for operating under the influence.

  • HRS 291E-1
Where it applies →

Holdover

A tenant staying in possession after the rental agreement ends without the landlord's consent, liable for up to twice the monthly rent prorated by the day.

Also called holding over

A tenant staying in possession after the rental agreement ends without the landlord's consent, liable for up to twice the monthly rent prorated by the day.

What it is not

After sixty days with no summary possession case and no agreement, a month to month tenancy at the old rent takes hold.

  • HRS 521-71
Where it applies →

I

Ignition interlock permit

A permit the court issues, on proof of an interlock installed in every vehicle the defendant operates and of insurance, to drive an equipped vehicle during the revocation.

Also called interlock permit

A permit the court issues, on proof of an interlock installed in every vehicle the defendant operates and of insurance, to drive an equipped vehicle during the revocation.

What it is not

It is not a restored license; the revocation still runs, and driving without the interlock is driving on a revoked license.

  • HRS 291E-61
Where it applies →

Intoxicant control roadblock

A county police roadblock that stops every vehicle, or vehicles in a set numerical pattern, at a fixed place for no more than three hours, under minimum standards the statute sets.

Also called DUI checkpoint, sobriety checkpoint

A county police roadblock that stops every vehicle, or vehicles in a set numerical pattern, at a fixed place for no more than three hours, under minimum standards the statute sets.

What it is not

It is the one stop at which the statute does not ask for reasonable suspicion about the particular car.

  • HRS 291E-19
  • HRS 291E-20
Where it applies →

J

Joint custody

An order giving both parents legal custody and sharing physical custody under a parenting plan, for frequent, continuing and meaningful contact with both.

Also called shared custody

An order giving both parents legal custody and sharing physical custody under a parenting plan, for frequent, continuing and meaningful contact with both.

What it is not

It can be joint legal custody alone, without joint physical custody.

Where it applies →

L

Lemon law rights period

The term of the manufacturer's express warranty, two years from original delivery, or the first 24,000 miles, whichever comes first.

Also called lemon law period

The term of the manufacturer's express warranty, two years from original delivery, or the first 24,000 miles, whichever comes first.

What it is not

A defect reported in writing within it is repaired even if the repair itself comes after.

  • HRS 481I-2
Where it applies →

M

Measurable amount of alcohol

A test result of .02 or more but less than .08 grams of alcohol, in blood or in breath.

Also called zero tolerance, .02

A test result of .02 or more but less than .08 grams of alcohol, in blood or in breath.

What it is not

It matters for drivers under twenty one; at .08 or more the offense is operating under the influence, at any age.

  • HRS 291E-1
Where it applies →

N

Nonconsensual contact

Any contact without a person's consent, or in disregard of their express desire that it be avoided or stopped, in person, by phone, fax or any electronic communication including email.

Also called unwanted contact

Any contact without a person's consent, or in disregard of their express desire that it be avoided or stopped, in person, by phone, fax or any electronic communication including email.

What it is not

It does not have to be in person; messages count.

Where it applies →

Notice of traffic infraction

The notice a driver receives for a traffic infraction, answered within 21 days of its issue by admitting, denying, or admitting with an explanation.

Also called traffic ticket, citation

The notice a driver receives for a traffic infraction, answered within 21 days of its issue by admitting, denying, or admitting with an explanation.

What it is not

Not answering is not the same as contesting: without an answer the court enters a default judgment.

  • HRS 291D-6
Where it applies →

O

Operating a vehicle under the influence of an intoxicant

Operating or assuming actual physical control of a vehicle while impaired by alcohol or a drug, or with .08 or more grams of alcohol per two hundred ten liters of breath or per one hundred milliliters of blood.

Also called OVUII, DUI, drunk driving

Operating or assuming actual physical control of a vehicle while impaired by alcohol or a drug, or with .08 or more grams of alcohol per two hundred ten liters of breath or per one hundred milliliters of blood.

What it is not

Actual physical control is enough; the statute does not require that the vehicle was moving.

  • HRS 291E-61
Where it applies →

P

Permit to acquire

The permit from the chief of police that anyone acquiring ownership of a firearm, by purchase, gift, inheritance or otherwise, gets first.

Also called gun permit, purchase permit

The permit from the chief of police that anyone acquiring ownership of a firearm, by purchase, gift, inheritance or otherwise, gets first.

What it is not

It is not a license to carry; carrying in public needs a separate license.

  • HRS 134-2
Where it applies →

Petty misdemeanor

The lowest grade of crime, punishable by up to 30 days in jail.

Also called PM

The lowest grade of crime, punishable by up to 30 days in jail.

What it is not

It is a crime, unlike a violation, even though the jail term is short.

  • HRS 701-107
  • HRS 706-663
Where it applies →

Probable cause

Facts and circumstances, within an officer's knowledge or from reasonably trustworthy information, enough for a person of reasonable caution to believe a crime has been or is being committed.

Also called PC

Facts and circumstances, within an officer's knowledge or from reasonably trustworthy information, enough for a person of reasonable caution to believe a crime has been or is being committed.

What it is not

It does not require that the officer saw the offense; an arrest without a warrant may rest on it either way.

  • HRS 803-5
Where it applies →

R

Repair and deduct

Where the landlord does not start repairs in time, the tenant may have the work done competently and deduct the actual cost from rent, up to $1,000 or one month's rent, whichever is greater, on giving the landlord receipts.

Also called fix and deduct

Where the landlord does not start repairs in time, the tenant may have the work done competently and deduct the actual cost from rent, up to $1,000 or one month's rent, whichever is greater, on giving the landlord receipts.

What it is not

It is not withholding rent; the deduction is limited to receipted work and to conditions the tenant did not cause.

  • HRS 521-64
Where it applies →

S

Security deposit

Money held by the landlord for unpaid rent, damage, keys, cleaning, wrongful quitting, pet damage and unpaid utilities the landlord provided, no more than one month's rent plus a pet deposit.

Also called damage deposit

Money held by the landlord for unpaid rent, damage, keys, cleaning, wrongful quitting, pet damage and unpaid utilities the landlord provided, no more than one month's rent plus a pet deposit.

What it is not

It is not the last month's rent unless both sides agree in writing on forty five days' notice.

  • HRS 521-44
Where it applies →

Shoplifting

Concealing or taking a store's goods, altering a price tag, or moving goods between containers, with intent to defraud.

Also called retail theft

Concealing or taking a store's goods, altering a price tag, or moving goods between containers, with intent to defraud.

What it is not

Leaving the store is not required; concealing the goods with intent to defraud is enough.

Where it applies →

Simple trespass

Knowingly entering or remaining unlawfully in or upon premises, a violation.

Also called trespassing

Knowingly entering or remaining unlawfully in or upon premises, a violation.

What it is not

Fences, written warnings and posted signs are what raise it to criminal trespass, a crime.

  • HRS 708-815
Where it applies →

Summary possession

The proceeding that restores possession of premises held without right after a tenancy ends, leading to a judgment and a writ of possession.

Also called eviction case

The proceeding that restores possession of premises held without right after a tenancy ends, leading to a judgment and a writ of possession.

What it is not

A notice from the landlord is not the eviction; only a writ of possession authorizes removal.

  • HRS 666-1
  • HRS 666-11
Where it applies →

T

Terroristic threatening

Threatening, by word or conduct, bodily injury, serious damage to property including pets or livestock, or a felony, with intent to terrorize or in reckless disregard of that risk.

Also called threats charge

Threatening, by word or conduct, bodily injury, serious damage to property including pets or livestock, or a felony, with intent to terrorize or in reckless disregard of that risk.

What it is not

Nothing about terrorism is required; the name covers ordinary threats to a person.

  • HRS 707-715
Where it applies →

V

Violation

An offense punishable only by a fine, forfeiture or other civil penalty. A violation does not constitute a crime.

Also called non criminal offense

An offense punishable only by a fine, forfeiture or other civil penalty. A violation does not constitute a crime.

What it is not

A conviction of a violation is still a conviction of an offense; it just is not a crime and carries no civil disability.

  • HRS 701-107
Where it applies →

W

Wrongfully quit

A tenant absent for twenty days or more without written notice to the landlord, during a period no rent was paid for, is deemed to have wrongfully quit.

Also called abandoning a rental

A tenant absent for twenty days or more without written notice to the landlord, during a period no rent was paid for, is deemed to have wrongfully quit.

What it is not

An absence while rent is being paid is not wrongfully quitting.

  • HRS 521-44
Where it applies →

About this guide — definitions, not applications. Whether a word describes what happened in a particular case is exactly the question a licensed Hawaii attorney answers and a glossary cannot. Current as of October 2026.