EVERY DEADLINE
67 periods North Dakota law measures, gathered out of the file and put in order, shortest first. Each one says what starts it, whose period it is, and what the law attaches to it. The shortest here is 12 hours. The longest is 10 years.
Every period on this page is stated by a section of the file and carries that section's own authority. None of it is a calculation: a period that turns on facts, on service, or on a court's discretion is described the way the section describes it and no further.
67 deadlines
Traffic stops4
5 days
Sending missing insurance details after a crash
- From
- The crash
- Whose
- The driver
Insurance details the driver could not give at the scene go to the driver's license division within five days.
14 days
Producing a license after a citation
- From
- The charge of driving without the license in possession
- Whose
- The driver
A driver charged with not having a license is not convicted, and pays no court costs, on producing a valid license to the prosecutor's office within fourteen days.
60 days
Reinstating a license to clear a suspended-license charge
- From
- The offense of driving while suspended
- Whose
- The driver
A court may dismiss the charge if the license is reinstated within sixty days of the offense and the driver shows the court.
1 year
Keeping proof of insurance on file
- From
- The insurance violation
- Whose
- The driver
After a violation, proof of insurance from the carrier stays on file with the department for one year, or the license is suspended.
Being stopped1
12 hours
A warrantless arrest for assaulting a household member
- From
- Probable cause, after seeing recent injury
- Whose
- The officer
An arrest without a warrant for assaulting a household member is made within twelve hours of probable cause; after that, a warrant is needed.
Marijuana and drugs1
24 hours
Holding an intoxicated person in jail
- From
- Placement in jail
- Whose
- The jail
No one may be held in jail because of intoxication for more than twenty-four hours, and only under constant monitoring.
Impaired driving4
10 days
Asking for a license hearing after an impaired driving arrest
- From
- Issuance of the temporary permit
- Whose
- The driver
The license is not suspended or revoked without a hearing if the driver sends a request to the director within ten days after the temporary permit is issued.
10 days
Notice to a parent after a minor's impaired driving custody
- From
- The test or the refusal
- Whose
- The officer
When someone under eighteen is taken into custody for impaired driving, notice of the test or refusal is mailed to a parent or guardian within ten days.
25 days
How long the temporary permit lasts
- From
- Issuance of the temporary permit at the arrest
- Whose
- The driver
The officer takes the license and issues a temporary permit good for the next twenty-five days, unless a hearing decides otherwise.
30 days
The license hearing itself
- From
- Issuance of the temporary permit, counted forward
- Whose
- The director
A timely requested hearing is held within thirty days after the temporary permit was issued.
Court and money38
24 hours
Surrendering a firearm under a protection order
- From
- Service of the order, or sooner on an officer's request
- Whose
- The respondent
A respondent ordered to surrender a firearm does so within twenty-four hours of service or on an officer's request, whichever is sooner.
48 hours before
Serving a small claims counterclaim
- From
- The hearing, counted back
- Whose
- The defendant
A counterclaim up to $15,000 is served on the plaintiff no later than forty-eight hours before the hearing.
3 business days
Cancelling a sale made at home or by phone
- From
- The day the buyer signs the agreement
- Whose
- The buyer
The buyer may cancel until midnight of the third business day after signing an agreement that complies with the chapter.
120 hours
Surviving the decedent to inherit
- From
- The death
- Whose
- The heir
An heir who fails to survive the decedent by one hundred twenty hours is treated as having died first.
7 days
Telling the employer of a work injury
- From
- The accident, or when the injury became apparent
- Whose
- The employee
Absent good cause, notice of a work accident goes to a supervisor no later than seven days after it occurred or the injury became apparent.
10 days
Listing dependents to reduce a garnishment
- From
- Receipt of the garnishee summons
- Whose
- The debtor
A signed list of dependents given to the employer within ten days reduces the garnishment by twenty dollars a week for each one.
10 days before
Notice before a wage garnishment
- From
- Issuance of the garnishee summons, counted back
- Whose
- The creditor
The creditor serves the debtor notice at least ten days before a garnishee summons on wages, or the garnishment is void.
10 days
Returning payments after a cancelled sale
- From
- The cancellation
- Whose
- The seller
The seller returns any payments and any note, and ends any security interest, within ten days after the sale is cancelled.
12 days
Appealing an unemployment determination
- From
- Mailing of the notice to the last known address
- Whose
- The claimant or the employer
A determination is appealed to the appeal tribunal within twelve days after the notice was mailed, or after service if it was not mailed.
14 days
The full hearing on a protection order
- From
- The temporary protection order
- Whose
- The court
The full hearing on a domestic violence protection order is set no later than fourteen days after the temporary order.
15 business days
Cancelling a home sale at sixty-five or older
- From
- The day the buyer enters the agreement
- Whose
- The buyer sixty-five or older
A buyer sixty-five or older may cancel a sale over fifty dollars until midnight of the fifteenth business day.
30 days at most
A day's pay for each day final wages are late
- From
- The employer's default on the final wages
- Whose
- The employee
An employee not paid on time may collect the contract's daily wage for each day of default, which stops thirty days after the default.
30 days
Asking the attorney general to review a records denial
- From
- The alleged violation
- Whose
- The requester
An interested person may ask for an attorney general's opinion on a records denial or a meeting violation within thirty days.
30 days
Collecting a small estate by affidavit
- From
- The death
- Whose
- The successor
Thirty days after a death, the holder of the decedent's property delivers it to a successor with a proper affidavit, for an estate of $100,000 or less.
30 days before
Publishing notice of a name change
- From
- The hearing on the petition, counted back
- Whose
- The petitioner
Notice of the intended application runs thirty days before in the county's official newspaper, unless the court waives it.
30 days
Reporting withheld paid time off
- From
- The alleged violation
- Whose
- The employee
A violation reported within thirty days must be investigated by the labor commissioner; a later one may be.
30 days
Treating with the employer's preferred provider
- From
- The work injury
- Whose
- The employee
Where the employer chose a preferred provider, treatment for the first thirty days comes from that provider, except emergency care.
60 days
How long a marriage license is good
- From
- Issuance of the license
- Whose
- The couple
No one may perform a marriage until the couple produces a license issued not more than sixty days before.
60 days
Suing over a records or meetings violation
- From
- Learning of the violation
- Whose
- The interested person
A civil action is due within sixty days of learning of the violation, or thirty days after an attorney general's opinion, whichever is later.
60 days before
Valuing marital property without agreement
- From
- The first scheduled trial date, counted back
- Whose
- The court
Unless the parties agree on a date, marital property and debt are valued sixty days before the initially scheduled trial date.
90 days
Suing after a firing for jury service
- From
- The discharge
- Whose
- The employee
An employee fired for jury or witness service may sue within ninety days for lost wages, capped at six weeks, and reinstatement.
90 days
Suing after a firing over a garnishment
- From
- The discharge
- Whose
- The employee
An employee fired because wages were garnished may sue within ninety days for twice the lost wages and reinstatement.
90 days
Suing after the department's decision
- From
- The department's dismissal or written probable cause determination
- Whose
- The complainant
After a complaint is first filed with the department, a suit is due within ninety days of its dismissal or probable cause finding.
180 days
A public accommodation complaint or suit
- From
- The discriminatory act
- Whose
- The person refused
A complaint about a public accommodation goes to the human rights division, or a suit to district court, within one hundred eighty days.
300 days
A job discrimination complaint or suit
- From
- The discriminatory act
- Whose
- The person harmed
A complaint goes to the human rights division, or a suit to district court, within three hundred days of the act.
1 year
A workers' compensation claim
- From
- The injury
- Whose
- The employee
An original claim is filed within one year after the injury, or within two years after a death, or no benefits are allowed.
1 year
Backing out of a contract made as a minor
- From
- Reaching majority
- Whose
- The former minor
Most contracts made as a minor may be disaffirmed before majority or within one year after.
1 year
Reporting a defect in a new vehicle
- From
- Original delivery of the vehicle
- Whose
- The consumer
A defect reported within the warranty or one year of delivery, whichever ends first, must be repaired even after that period runs out.
18 months
A lemon law suit
- From
- Original delivery of the vehicle
- Whose
- The consumer
A suit is due within six months after the warranty expires or eighteen months after delivery, whichever is earlier.
2 years
A suit for assault, libel, malpractice or wrongful death
- From
- The claim for relief accrues
- Whose
- The person harmed
Libel, slander, assault, battery, false imprisonment, malpractice and wrongful death actions are commenced within two years.
2 years
A wage claim with the labor department
- From
- The regular payday the wages were due
- Whose
- The employee
A claim of at least $125 and not more than $15,000 may be filed with the department within two years from the date the wages were due.
2 years
An equal pay suit
- From
- The unlawful pay practice
- Whose
- The employee
Court action is due no later than two years after the practice, and a complaint first filed with the commissioner pauses that clock.
2 years
How long a disorderly conduct restraining order lasts
- From
- The restraining order
- Whose
- The court
A disorderly conduct restraining order follows the protection order steps and lasts no more than two years.
2 years
Moving to change primary residential responsibility
- From
- The order establishing primary residential responsibility
- Whose
- The parent
No motion to change it may be made within two years of the order, unless a listed ground applies or the parties agreed.
3 years
A suit for a statutory penalty
- From
- The claim for relief accrues
- Whose
- The person wronged
An action on a statute for a penalty given to the person wronged is commenced within three years.
4 years
A consumer fraud suit
- From
- Discovery of the facts of the violation
- Whose
- The person harmed
A suit over an unlawful sales practice is due within four years, counted from when the facts were discovered.
6 years
A suit on a contract, injury or fraud
- From
- The claim for relief accrues
- Whose
- The party with the claim
Contract claims, liabilities created by statute, injuries not otherwise provided for, and fraud from its discovery are commenced within six years.
10 years
A suit on a judgment or a mortgage foreclosure
- From
- The claim for relief accrues
- Whose
- The party with the claim
An action on a judgment, or to foreclose a real estate mortgage, is commenced within ten years.
Your home11
3 days
Rent unpaid long enough to bring an eviction
- From
- The rent's due date
- Whose
- The tenant
Failing to pay rent for three days after it is due is a ground for an eviction action in district court.
3 days before at the least
Serving the eviction summons
- From
- The appearance date, counted back
- Whose
- The landlord
Personal service in the county is made at least three days before the appearance, and other service at least seven days before.
3 days at the earliest
The eviction appearance date
- From
- Issuance of the summons
- Whose
- The court
The summons sets the appearance no fewer than three nor more than fifteen days from its issue.
3 days
Written notice before an eviction case
- From
- Service of the written notice of intention to evict
- Whose
- The landlord
For holding over, unpaid rent, or a broken lease term, three days' written notice of intention to evict comes before the case can start.
5 days at most
A hardship stay of an eviction
- From
- The judgment for the landlord
- Whose
- The court
On a showing of substantial hardship, the court may stay execution for up to five days, except in an eviction for a disturbance of the peace.
25 days before
Leaving after the landlord changes the lease terms
- From
- The end of the month, counted back
- Whose
- The tenant
When the landlord changes the lease terms, the tenant may end the lease at the end of the month on at least twenty-five days' notice.
1 calendar month before
Ending a month to month tenancy
- From
- The termination date, counted back
- Whose
- The landlord or the tenant
Either side may end a month to month tenancy by at least one calendar month's written notice, and rent is due through the termination date.
30 days before
Notice of an automatic lease renewal
- From
- The lease's expiration, counted back
- Whose
- The landlord
An automatic renewal clause is enforceable only after written notice at least thirty days before the lease expires; without it, the lease converts to month to month.
30 days
Returning a security deposit
- From
- The end of the lease and the tenant's surrender of possession
- Whose
- The landlord
The landlord delivers or mails an itemized list of anything kept and the refund within thirty days, and withholding without reasonable justification brings treble damages.
2 years
A fair housing lawsuit
- From
- The discriminatory housing practice
- Whose
- The person harmed
An aggrieved person may sue in district court within two years after the practice, not counting time an administrative hearing on it is pending.
7 years
Sealing an eviction for rent or damage
- From
- Satisfaction of the eviction order
- Whose
- The former tenant
Someone who resolved the claims may move to seal the records seven years after the order was satisfied, if not evicted elsewhere in that time.
Charges and penalties7
24 hours
Reporting a seized ID to the police
- From
- The seizure of the ID
- Whose
- The bar or store
A retailer that seizes an ID notifies law enforcement within twenty-four hours, and the agency takes it within twenty-four hours of notice.
10 days
Closing an older nonconviction record on petition
- From
- Filing of the petition
- Whose
- The court
For a case ended before August 1, 2025, the court closes the record within ten days of a petition that meets the requirements.
10 days
Paying a dishonored check before a civil penalty
- From
- Receipt of the notice of dishonor
- Whose
- The check writer
If the check and collection costs are not paid within ten days of the notice, the holder may sue for the lesser of two hundred dollars or three times the check.
45 days
The earliest hearing on a petition to seal
- From
- Filing of the petition
- Whose
- The court
A hearing on a petition to seal may not be held earlier than forty-five days after it is filed.
61 days
Closing a nonconviction court record
- From
- The order of nonconviction
- Whose
- The court
For an order of nonconviction entered on or after August 1, 2025, the court closes the record after sixty-one days.
3 years
Petitioning to seal a misdemeanor
- From
- The last conviction
- Whose
- The person convicted
A misdemeanor can be sealed after at least three years with no new conviction.
5 years
Petitioning to seal a felony
- From
- The last conviction
- Whose
- The person convicted
A felony can be sealed after at least five years with no new conviction, if it is not excluded.
How you carry yourself1
7 days
Redirecting a camera pointed into a home
- From
- An officer's notice to redirect the camera
- Whose
- The camera owner
Pointing a surveillance camera into another person's dwelling becomes disorderly conduct after seven days' notice from an officer to redirect it.
MyRightz is legal education, not legal advice. Nothing here creates an attorney client relationship. Applying the law to a particular situation is the work of a licensed North Dakota attorney.